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01、openCV安装
>>>一. 安装OpenCV库：
打开终端，输入以下命令安装OpenCV：
sudo apt-get updatesudo apt-get install libopencv-dev库默认安装在了这个目录usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/cmake/opencv4/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_text.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ts.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ccalib.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_plot.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgproc.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_img_hash.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_features2d.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_phase_unwrapping.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_fuzzy.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hdf.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stitching.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_core.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_video.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_freetype.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_highgui.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_stereo.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_flann.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_hfs.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dpm.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_superres.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ml.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_viz.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_structured_light.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_reg.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_imgcodecs.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_superres.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig/opencv4.pc/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_ximgproc.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_rgbd.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_surface_matching.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_calib3d.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_saliency.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn_objdetect.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xobjdetect.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_dnn.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_aruco.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_photo.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bgsegm.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_line_descriptor.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_shape.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_bioinspired.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_tracking.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_objdetect.a/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_face.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_xphoto.so.4.2/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videoio.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_datasets.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_quality.so.4.2.0/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_videostab.so/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libopencv_optflow.so/usr/lib/jni/libopencv_java420.so头文件安装在了这个目录/usr/include/opencv4/usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/opencv_modules.hpp/usr/include/opencv4/opencv2/opencv.hpp/usr/include/boost/compute/interop/opencv.hpp/usr/include/boost/compute/interop/opencv02、Qt 配置openCV
>>>
在Qt Creator中打开项目，然后编辑.pro文件，添加以下内容：
QT += core gui
greaterThan(QT_MAJOR_VERSION, 4): QT += widgets
CONFIG += c++17
# You can make your code fail to compile if it uses deprecated APIs.# In order to do so, uncomment the following line.#DEFINES += QT_DISABLE_DEPRECATED_BEFORE=0x060000 # disables all the APIs deprecated before Qt 6.0.0
SOURCES += \ main.cpp \ mainwindow.cpp
HEADERS += \ mainwindow.h
FORMS += \ mainwindow.ui
# Default rules for deployment.qnx: target.path = /tmp/$${TARGET}/binelse: unix:!android: target.path = /opt/$${TARGET}/bin!isEmpty(target.path): INSTALLS += target
# openCVINCLUDEPATH += /usr/include/opencv4LIBS += -L/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/ -lopencv_core -lopencv_imgproc -lopencv_highgui -lopencv_imgcodecs
RESOURCES += \ images.qrc
03、Qt openCV 测试
>>>
图像变灰 演示
04、mainwindow.h
#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H#define MAINWINDOW_H
#include<QMainWindow>
QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACEnamespace Ui {classMainWindow;}QT_END_NAMESPACE
classMainWindow :public QMainWindow{ Q_OBJECT
public: MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr); ~MainWindow();
private slots:voidon_pushButton_clicked();
private: Ui::MainWindow *ui;};#endif// MAINWINDOW_H
05、mainwindow.cpp
#include "mainwindow.h"#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>#include <QImage>#include <QPixmap>
MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent) , ui(new Ui::MainWindow){ ui->setupUi(this);// 实现图片按标签大小适应而不失真。 QPixmap pixmap1("/home/whois/Qt_openCV_TEST/images/girl.png"); ui->label_2->setPixmap(pixmap1.scaled(ui->label_2->size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation));
// 实现图片按标签大小适应而不失真。 QPixmap pixmap2("/home/whois/Qt_openCV_TEST/images/girl.png"); ui->label_3->setPixmap(pixmap2.scaled(ui->label_3->size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation));}
MainWindow::~MainWindow(){ delete ui;}
// opencvvoid MainWindow::on_pushButton_clicked(){// 读取原始图像 cv::Mat img = cv::imread("/home/whois/Qt_openCV_TEST/images/girl.png");if (img.empty()) { qDebug() << "Image not found!";return; }
// 将图像转换为灰度图 cv::Mat grayImg; cv::cvtColor(img, grayImg, cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY);
// 将灰度图像转换为QImage QImage qImg((const unsigned char*)(grayImg.data), grayImg.cols, grayImg.rows, grayImg.step, QImage::Format_Grayscale8);
// 显示灰度图像到标签上 ui->label_3->setPixmap(QPixmap::fromImage(qImg.scaled(ui->label_3->size(), Qt::KeepAspectRatio, Qt::SmoothTransformation)));}06、mainwindow.ui
07、main.cpp
#include"mainwindow.h"
#include<QApplication>
intmain(int argc, char *argv[]){QApplication a(argc, argv); MainWindow w; w.show();return a.exec();}
08、图片素材
>>>
09、openCV 解读
>>>
OpenCV（Open Source Computer Vision Library）是一个开源的计算机视觉库，广泛应用于多个领域。以下是一些主要的应用场景：
图像处理：
图像的平滑、锐化、边缘检测等基本操作。
色彩空间转换（例如RGB到灰度、HSV等）。
人脸识别：
实时人脸检测和识别，用于安防监控、用户身份验证等领域。
物体检测和跟踪：
在视频监控、自动驾驶等场景中，识别和跟踪特定物体，如车辆、行人等。
图像拼接：
将多张图片组合成全景图像，常用于摄影和游戏等领域。
OCR（光学字符识别）：
从图片中提取文本信息，应用于文档数字化和自动化数据录入。
机器学习和深度学习：
利用OpenCV与TensorFlow、PyTorch等深度学习框架结合，实现更复杂的视觉任务。
增强现实：
在实时视频中叠加虚拟对象，用于游戏、教育和培训等场景。
工业自动化：
机器视觉在生产线上的应用，例如缺陷检测和质量控制。
医学影像处理：
处理和分析医学图像，如CT、MRI图像，用于疾病诊断。
这些应用展示了OpenCV在各个行业的广泛适用性，通过其强大的图像处理和分析能力，推动了智能化的发展。
OpenCV被广泛应用于许多主流软件和项目中，以下是一些示例：
计算机视觉应用：
OpenFace：一个面部识别和分析工具，使用OpenCV进行面部检测和特征提取。
Dlib：一个用于实现人脸检测、人脸识别和人脸标记的库，部分功能依赖于OpenCV。
机器人视觉：
ROS（Robot Operating System）：在多个机器人项目中，OpenCV常用于视觉感知和图像处理。
深度学习框架的集成：
TensorFlow和Keras：有些图像处理任务会结合使用OpenCV进行预处理和后处理。
PyTorch：在一些计算视觉任务中，也会使用OpenCV进行数据增强等。
智能监控系统：
各种视频监控和安防软件，利用OpenCV进行实时人脸识别和事件检测。
手机应用：
相机应用程序（如美颜相机），使用OpenCV进行图像处理和特效增强。
医疗影像处理软件：
一些医院和医疗研究机构使用OpenCV进行医学图像的分析和处理。
增强现实和虚拟现实应用：
一些AR/VR应用利用OpenCV进行环境感知和虚拟对象叠加。
游戏开发：
在一些游戏引擎中，开发者可能利用OpenCV进行图像处理和实时效果实现。
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