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看过之前教程的朋友可能知道，我们是用威纶通触摸屏的 IDE 去监控 PLC 输出状态。现在我们尝试用高级语言，自己实现一个上位机来读取 PLC 的 Y 端口的实时输出状态。这里依然用的是三菱 PLC，编程语言用 VC++ MFC，通信使用的是三菱 PLC 编程口通信方式。
实现功能效果如下：
好的，我们现在开始。
界面设计
▲ 8 位流水灯上位界面
界面很简单，拖了 8 个 picturebox 控件，并且 ID 依次设置为 IDC_STATIC_Y0 ~ IDC_STATIC_Y7，分别对应 PLC 输出点 Y0~Y7 的输出状态；红色为有信号输出，灰色为无信号输出。
控件状态绘制
为了后续遍历方便，先把 8 个控件的 ID 放如 vector 容器里面。
private:
std::vector<int> m_Y;
CWnd* GetLEDCtr(int y_index);
GetLEDCtr() 函数实现:
CWnd* CMFCApplication5Dlg::GetLEDCtr(int y_index)
{
if (y_index < 0 || y_index > 7)
{
return NULL;
}
return GetDlgItem(m_Y[y_index]);
}
在 BOOL CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnInitDialog() 中对数据初始化。
// 初始化控件样式
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y0);
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y1);
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y2);
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y3);
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y4);
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y5);
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y6);
m_Y.push_back(IDC_STATIC_Y7);
for (int i = 0; i < m_Y.size(); ++i)
{
SetLED(m_Y, OFF);
}
上面的 ONOFF 宏对应控件红色和灰色的 RGB 值：
#define ON RGB(255, 0, 0)
#define OFF RGB(128,128, 128)
LED 控件颜色绘制：
void CMFCApplication5Dlg::SetLED(int ctrID, int color)
{
CRect rect;
CWnd* pWnd = GetDlgItem(ctrID);
CDC* pDC = pWnd->GetDC();
::GetClientRect(pWnd->m_hWnd, &rect);
CBrush brush(color);
pDC->SelectObject(brush);
pDC->Ellipse(0, 0, rect.Width(), rect.Height());
pWnd->ReleaseDC(pDC);
}
串口初始化
在 BOOL CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnInitDialog() 中对串口进行初始化。
// 串口初始化
using namespace HuAutoLib;
COMParam com;
com.TimeOut = 1000;
com.Name = "COM4";
com.BaudRate = 9600;
com.ByteSize = 7;
com.StopBits = ONESTOPBIT;
com.Parity = EVENPARITY;
bool res = m_PlcCOM.Open(&com);
ASSERT(res);
我这里是 COM4 口，根据硬件连接的实际情况定义。这里波特率9600，停止位1位，偶校验，这些好像是固定的，出厂默认的；是否可以自定义设置，暂未做研究。
通信协议初始化
这个协议是固定了的，可以参考文档或者互联网上查询，然后自己验证一下就好了，这里直接给出。
读取 Y0-Y7 的状态：
0x02, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x41, 0x30, 0x30, 0x31, 0x03, 0x36, 0x35
它这里的协议，0~9 的话 + 30H对应 0x30~0x39, A~F 的话对应 0x41 ~ 0x46。
这里简单说下这个协议的意思，第一个字节0x02是固定的开始字节，第二个字节0x30是读的意思，第三个字节起的0x30, 0x30, 0x41, 0x30是读取的其实地址(这里是Y0~Y7的起始地址)，后面跟随的0x30, 0x31 代表读取一个字节；倒数第三个字节0x03是结束符，最后两个字节0x36 0x35是校验字节(0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x41, 0x30, 0x30, 0x31, 0x03相加，取后两个字节)。
后面的所有其他指令，大概都遵循这个协议规定。
X置位和复位指令：
private:
void SetLED(int ctrID, int color);
CWnd* GetLEDCtr(int y_index);
std::vector<int> m_Y;
HuAutoLib::SerialCOMPort m_PlcCOM;
const char m_CMD_SET_X[8][9] = {
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x46,0x45},
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x31,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x46,0x46},
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x32,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x36},
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x33,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x37},
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x34,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x38},
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x35,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x39},
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x36,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x37,0x41},
{0x02,0x37,0x30,0x37,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x37,0x42}
};
const char m_CMD_RST_X[8][9] = {
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x30,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x46,0x46},
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x31,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x36},
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x32,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x37},
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x33,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x38},
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x34,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x36,0x39},
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x35,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x37,0x41},
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x36,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x37,0x42},
{0x02,0x38,0x30,0x37,0x30,0x34,0x03,0x37,0x43}
};
const char NAK_ERR = 0x15;
const char ACK_SUCCESS = 0x06;
std::recursive_mutex m_Mutex;
定时器
1号定时器，间隔100毫秒：
#define LIGHT_ID 1
#define LIGHT_BREATHE 100
Y 状态刷新：
int CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
if (CDialogEx::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)
return -1;
// TODO: 在此添加您专用的创建代码
SetWindowText(_T("三菱PLC流水灯上位机"));
SetTimer(LIGHT_ID, LIGHT_BREATHE, NULL);
return 0;
}
void CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnTimer(UINT_PTR nIDEvent)
{
// TODO: 在此添加消息处理程序代码和/或调用默认值
switch (nIDEvent)
{
case LIGHT_ID:
{
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(m_Mutex);
char cmd_y0_y7[11] = { 0x02, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x41, 0x30, 0x30, 0x31, 0x03, 0x36, 0x35 };
if (m_PlcCOM.Send(cmd_y0_y7, 11))
{
// 应答 02 30 30 03 36 33 // size 6
int size = -1;
const char* res = m_PlcCOM.Read(size, 0);
if (res && size == 6)
{
char val[2] = { 0 };
val[0] = res[1];
val[1] = res[2];
if (val[0] > 0x40)
{
val[0] = val[0] - 0x40 - 1 + 10;
}
else if (val[0] >= 0x30)
{
val[0] = val[0] - 0x30;
}
if (val[1] > 0x40)
{
val[1] = val[1] - 0x40 - 1 + 10;
}
else if (val[1] >= 0x30)
{
val[1] = val[1] - 0x30;
}
char y0_y7 = 16 * val[0] + val[1];
char mask = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
{
if (y0_y7 & (mask << i))
{
SetLED(m_Y, ON);
}
else
{
SetLED(m_Y, OFF);
}
}
}
}
}
break;
default:
break;
}
CDialogEx::OnTimer(nIDEvent);
}
开始和停止按钮：
void CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnBnClickedButtonStart()
{
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(m_Mutex);
m_PlcCOM.Send(m_CMD_SET_X[0], 9);
int len = -1;
m_PlcCOM.Read(len, 0);
}
void CMFCApplication5Dlg::OnBnClickedButtonStop()
{
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock(m_Mutex);
m_PlcCOM.Send(m_CMD_SET_X[1], 9);
int len = -1;
m_PlcCOM.Read(len, 0);
}
到此，整体的功能已经实现了。 |
